Dandruff is a common condition that causes the skin on the crown or scalp to flake. Dandruff is considered a very mild form of seborrheic dermatitis. In babies, seborrheic dermatitis is called cradle cap. In some cases, dandruff can beget greenishness in the affected area and may appear blunt and start to itch, occasionally enough poorly. On rare
occasions, dandruff can indeed lead to hair loss if it isn’t treated. Any lost hair should grow back after the dandruff is treated, however.
Dandruff isn’t contagious or a suggestion of poor hygiene and it frequently can be controlled by diurnal shampooing with a gentle soap. In more severe cases, a croaker may recommend a treated soap or cream.The dandruff scale is a cluster of corneocytes, which have retained a large degree of cohesion with one another and detach as similar to the face of the stratum corneum. The size and cornucopia of scales are miscellaneous from one reset to another and over time. Parakeratotic cells frequently make up part of dandruff. Their figures are related to the
the inflexibility of the clinical instantiations, which may also be told by seborrhoea.
CAUSES OF DANDRUFF
There are many factors that contribute to the development of dandruff including
1. Family history: strongly related to dandruff
2. Neurological abnormalities:
• Depression
• Parkinsonism
3. Lifestyle factors:
• Stress
• Incorrect skincare
4. Diet factors:
• Poor nutrition
• Alcoholism
• Food allergies
5. Environmental factors:
• Pollution
• Exposure to dust
• Climate Change
• UV light exposure
6. Hormonal factors: increased sebaceous gland activity at the time of puberty
• Irritated oily skin
• Dry skin
7. Cosmetic factors:
• Excessive use of Harsh shampoo
• Excessive use of Hair dye
• Use of alkaline soap
8. Skin conditions:
• Psoriasis
• Eczema
SYMPTOMS OF DANDRUFF
signs and symptoms may include
1) Skin flakes on the crown, hair, eyebrows, beard or mustache, and shoulders)
2) Itchy crown
3) Scaly, blunt scalp in babies with cradle cap
PREVENTION
The following ways are taken to help the development of dandruff or to control it
1) Manage Stress: Stress affects overall health, making an individual susceptible to a number of conditions and
conditions. It can indeed help spark dandruff or worsen symptoms.
2) Eat a Healthy Diet: A diet that provides enough zinc, vitamin B, and certain types of fats may help to prevent dandruff.
3) Frequency Shampooing: If an individual tends to have an oily crown, diurnal shampooing may help to prevent
dandruff. Gently blarney the crown to loosen flakes and wash completely.
4) Get Enough Sun: Sun may be good for controlling dandruff. But because exposure to ultraviolet light damages the
skin and increases the threat of acquiring skin cancer so avoid sunbathing.
5) Limit Hair Styling Products: Hair styling products can make up the hair and crown, making them soapy.
TREATMENT
The itching and flaking of dandruff can nearly always be controlled. For mild dandruff. First, try diurnal sanctification with a gentle soap to reduce oil painting and skin cell buildup. If that does not help also try a treated dandruff soap. still, surcharging, greenishness, or burning from any If an individual develops itching. product, also he she should stop using it.
If an antipathetic response develops like a rash, hives, or difficulty breathing immediate medical attention
should be seeded. On the basis of remedial factors dandruff soaps are classified as follows,
1. Coal tar-based shampoo:
• coal tar is the byproduct of coal, which is formed when coal is converted into coke or gas.
• It is a cytostatic substance
• It is used in the treatment of psoriasis-induced dandruff
2. Salicylic acid-based shampoo:
• It is a keratolytic substance
• Salicylic acid dissolves the keratin of the dead cells on the scalp and thus prevents the formation of visible flakes
3. Zinc pyrithione-based shampoo:
• Zinc pyrithione is an effective antifungal substance
• It is used in the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis-induced dandruff
• It controls flaking and itching
4. Selenium sulphide-based shampoo:
• It is a cytostatic and antifungal substance
• It is used in the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis-induced and psoriasis-induced dandruff
5. Ketoconazole based shampoo:
• It is an effective antifungal substance
6. Sulphur based shampoo
• It is a keratolytic substance
Topical Steroids
1) Corticosteroid creams and poultices reduce inflammation. These can be bought over the counter at either 0.5 % or 1 % attention. They are safe to use on the face and will frequently help in just a couple of days when applied doubly daily. These products also are available as crown poultices that are applied once a day, rather on damp hair after
shampooing. One can use crown corticosteroid creams together with treated soaps.
2) Antifungal creams are frequently effective, supposedly because they reduce the number of incentive organisms living on the skin. untoward creams include 1 % clotrimazole cream and miconazole cream 2 % Antifungal creams are also applied once or twice a day.
HOME REMEDIES
1) Coconut Oil: Start by rubbing 3 to 5 ladles of this into the crown, also stay an hour and soap the hair.
2) Aloe Vera: Rub a bit into the crown just before an individual soaps the hair.
3) Apple Cider Vinegar: Mix a quarter mug of apple cider vinegar with a quarter mug of water, and also pour it over the crown. Leave it for at least 15 min, and also wash the crown well.
4) Aspirin: Crush two aspirin and mix them with the soap, also soap the hair. Let it rest for 2 min also wash it out.
5) Baking Soda: Wet the hair, and also put baking soda pop on the crown. Let it rest for many min, and also wash it out.
6) Lemon Juice: Rub 2 ladles of lemon juice into the crown; let it rest for a couple of mins, also wash. Follow that by mixing another tablespoon of lemon juice with 1 mug of water and pouring it over the crown.
7) Olive Oil: Rub several drops of olive oil massage into the crown, cover the hair with a shower cap, and also sleep on it. In the morning, soap the hair