A blemish is nothing but any type of mark, spot, abrasion, or excrescence that appears on the skin. Marks on the face may be uncomely and emotionally disturbing, but utmost are benign and not life-hanging. Some mars, still, can gesture skin cancer.
TYPES OF BLEMISHES
- Acne: It’s a common condition. Acne is caused when sebum (oil secretion), bacteria, or dirt clogs hair follicles. Acne can occasionally leave dark spots, marks, or scarring on the skin. These are also types of marks.
2. Papules: They’re small skin lesions of varying types. They re generally around 1 centimetre in the periphery. They can range in colour from pink to brown. Pustules are occasionally appertained to as pustules. Papules can be collectively or in clusters and can be any shape.
3. Nodules: They’re a collection of tissues. They’re hard to the touch and larger than pustules, generally 1 to 2 centimetres in the periphery. Nodes can be at any position of the skin. They can vary in colour from meat-toned to red. Skin markers and knobs are exemplifications of nodes.
4. Age Spots: This type of blemish is also called Liver Spots. These small, dark spots can form on any area of the body that’s been exposed to the sun. They’re most common in people over 50, but they can also occur in individuals of any age. Age spots are a type of hyperpigmentation.
5. Papules: They’re fluid- or pus-filled bumps. Blackheads and chickenpox pocks are types of papules. Other conditions that might cause papules to form include scabies and rosacea, a common skin condition marked by pocks and visible blood vessels.
6. Birthmarks: They generally occur either at birth or shortly thereafter. They can range in appearance, size, shape, and colour. Black moles and even port wines are types of blots that generally last for life. Other types, similar to haemangiomas and salmon patches, tend to fade over time.
7. Melasma: It’s veritably common during the gestation period. It’s a skin condition linked by brownish patches. It can be brought about by sun exposure and hormonal changes.
8. Cysts: They’re benign(noncancerous) sacs that contain a substance, similar to fluid. These may appear as bumps of varying sizes on the skin or under the skin. They’re frequently rounding.
9. Scars: Scarring of the skin occurs when the dermis subcaste becomes damaged. The dermis is the deep subcaste of skin where small blood vessels (capillaries), sweat glands, hair follicles, and even nerve-ending consummations are located. Anything that causes the skin to open can lead to scarring, similar to a crack or popped pustules.
10. Cold Blisters: The herpes simplex contagion type 1(HSV- 1) begets cold blisters. They’re fluid-filled pocks which are set up on or near the mouth. They may itch or beget a chinking sensation. When the pocks open and drain, a red or unheroic scab forms until they heal.
11. Hyperpigmentation: An overproduction of melanin can beget uneven skin tone or dark patches.
12. Blackheads: Blackheads are small, round mars that are white or skin-coloured. They develop as a result of oil painting and dead skin cells blocking the pores.
CAUSES OF BLEMISHES
There are many causes which directly or indirectly may lead to blemish. The main causes include,
1) Genetics: there may be links between the acne and the genetics. Certain hereditary conditions which are responsible for causing the marks include
i) Fabry disease: this is a type of inherited disorder due to gene mutation. The symptoms are characterized by small groups of red and dark spots on the skin.
ii) Darier disease: this type of disease forms warts like blemishes on the skin. The marks feel oily in appearance, hard to touch and even smelly.
iii) Gangliosidosis: this is a rare type of hereditary condition that may cause non-tumour (non-cancerous) blemishes on the skin.
2) virus: cold sores type of blemishes are caused by to virus HSV-1and varicella zoster virus (VZV) is the type of virus which is responsible for causing chicken pox.
3) medications: certain over-the-counter medications and even some prescription medicines may cause acne as a side effect. The medicines may include
i) lithium
ii) Anti-seizure drugs
iii) Corticosteroids
iv) Androgenic steroids
4) Clogged pores: Hyperactivity of the sebaceous gland produce the over secretions of oily substance that can cause acne. The hormonal changes such as during puberty are responsible for overproduction of oil.
5) Infections: some types of skin infections can cause blemishes to erupt on the skin surface. Skin infections include fungal acne (Malassezia folliculitis), which is an infection of hair follicles caused by overgrowth of yeast, causing pustules.
6) Sun exposure: overexposure of the skin to harmful ultraviolet A and B rays can cause hyperpigmentation, skin tan, sunburn and even may contribute to skin cancer.
7) Diet: dairy products with high sugar and carbohydrate content may cause the blemish. Skim milk may contribute to developing acne in the skin. Some types of food allergens and contact dermatitis may cause bumps on skin and skin irritations.
PREVENTION OF BLEMISHES
1) Duly Wash the Face: To help prevent pustules, it’s important to remove redundant oil substances, dirt, and sweat daily. Washing the face further than twice a day may make acne worse, still. Do not wash the face with harsh cleaners that dry skin. Use an alcohol-free cleaner.
2) Know The Skin Type: Anyone can get pustules, no matter their skin type. unctuous skin is the most pimple-prone. It’s caused by the skin’s sebaceous glands producing too much sebum. Another type of skin that may beget pustules is combination skin. Combination skin means an existent has both dry areas and oily areas. The unctuous (oil) areas
tend to be the forepart, nose, and chin, also called the T-zone.
3) Moisturise Skin: Moisturisers help with skin hydration. But numerous Moisturisers contain oil, synthetic scent, or other constituents that may irritate skin and beget pustules. To help prevent pustules, use scent-free, non-comedogenic. An existent should moisturise the face after washing or when the skin feels dry.
4) Use Over-the-counter Acne Treatments: Over-the-counter (OTC) acne treatments may help zap pustules presto or help them in the first place. Utmost contains either benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, or sulphur. Use an OTC treatment to spot- and treat pustules. Or use it as a conservation authority to control outbreaks. To help prevent side effects
including, skin reddening irritation, vexation, and blankness, precisely following the manufacturer’s operation instructions.
5) Stay hydrated: If an existent is dehydrated, the body may gesture the skin’s oil glands to produce further oil secretions. Dehumidification also gives the skin a dull appearance and promotes inflammation.
6) Limit Makeup: When an existent does wear makeup, avoid slithery, heavy foundation, and use products that are non-comedogenic, sheer, and scent-free. slithery or unctuous soaps, body wetlands, paring creams, and hair styling products may all beget pustules. To prevent outbreaks, choose oil-free, non-comedogenic options.
7) Do not touch the Face: The hands encounter soil and bacteria constantly throughout the day. And each time an individual touches the face, some of those severance-clogging impurities may get transferred to the skin.
8) Limit Sun Exposure: Catching some shafts may dry out papules in the short term, but it causes major problems in the long run. Frequent sun exposure dehydrates the skin, which over time causes it to produce further oil and block pores. It’s important to wear sunscreen helps to prevent skin cancer. still, multitudinous sunscreens are oleaginous.
For both sun and pustule protection, wear a non-comedogenic, oil-free sunscreen.
9) Reduce Stress: Stress does not cause papules, but it may make them worse. Some propositions have proven that when an existent is stressed, also the body produces further oil- oil-stimulating hormones. Some options to help an individual manage stress are
i)Yoga
ii) Aromatherapy
iii) Journaling
iv) meditation
BLEMISHES TREATMENT
Treatment should be determined by the cause of the mark.
1) Acne medicine: There are numerous OTC products that can help reduce or exclude pustules, blackheads, and papules. An existent may have to trial with several before an individual finds the stylish treatment for an individual. These include facial diminutives, astringents, and topical gels. If the acne doesn’t respond to OTC results, the medical
professionals may recommend oral antibiotics or topical drugs.
2) Salicylic Acid: the medications containing salicylic acid help in unclogging pores.
3) Hydrocortisone Cream: Topical creams can reduce antipathetic responses and vexations. They may also be salutary for easing ingrown hairs. If an existent is treating ingrown hairs, he or she should stop using hair junking ways during treatment.
4) Sun Protection: Sunscreen, sun-defensive apparel, sunglasses, and headdresses reduce the exposure to UVA and UVB shafts. This can help protect the skin from fresh damage.
5) Dermatologic Procedures for Hyperpigmentation: There are several procedures which can remove age spots. These include
i) Microdermabrasion
ii) Chemical peels
iii) Cryotherapy
iv)laser therapy
6)Hyperpigmentation creams: containing hydroquinone may help lighten age spots, acne scarring, and melasma. They work by decelerating down the product of melanin.
7) Healthy Hygiene Habits: Regular sanctification of the face, body, and hair can help exclude redundant oil, dirt, and bacteria on the skin. But slip ‘t overdoes it. Too important sanctification can further irritate the skin. Blemishes are usually not caused due to underlying medical conditions and they can be easily treated with certain home
remedies include
i) Apple cider vinegar
ii) witch hazel
iii) Aloe vera