Dermatitis is a word used to describe several skin vexations and rashes caused by genetics, a hyperactive vulnerable system, infections, disinclinations, prickly substances, and more. Common symptoms include dry skin, redness, and itchiness. In the word “ dermatitis ”, “ derm ” means “ skin ” and “ it is ” means “ inflammation. ” The word
as a whole states “ inflammation of the skin. ” The rashes range from mild to severe and can spawn various problems, depending on their cause.
TYPES OF DERMATITIS
1)Atopic Dermatitis: Popularly known as eczema, is a type of skin condition that is inherited through genetics and develops during infancy. Some of the majorly occurring symptoms are rough patches of dry and itchy skin.
2)Contact Dermatitis: when any substance touches the skin and causes an irritation or allergic reaction, such type of skin condition is termed contact Dermatitis. Further, such allergic reactions lead to rashes along with bum, sting, itch, or blister.
3)Dyshidrotic Dermatitis: This type of Dermatitis occurs when the skin cannot protect itself by natural means. So such insufficiency causes itchy and dry skin, along with small blister formation. It is mainly observed to occur on feet and hands.
4)Seborrheic Dermatitis: This Dermatitis condition is generally observed to occur in the scalp along with other regions in the body like the face and chest. This condition causes red skin, dandruff, and scaly patches. In babies, this condition is termed a cradle cap.
Some other types of dermatitis include:
1) Neurodermatitis: It is a type of skin reaction often caused by stress or irritating skin. This leads to the formation of an itchy patch on the skin.
2) Nummular Dermatitis: After any skin injury or breakout, the oval sores are formed due to skin allergic reactions leading to this type of dermatitis.
3) Stasis Dermatitis: The skin changes caused due to poor blood circulation will lead to this type of dermatitis which is commonly accompanied by the formation of patchy and dry skin.
4) Dermatitis Neglecta: As the name suggests, it is a type of dermatitis condition often caused due to improper management of skin care and not practicing good hygiene habits.
DERMATITIS CAUSES
Depending on the type of dermatitis, the causes will vary. Some types, like, neurodermatitis, and dyshidrotic eczema nummular dermatitis, may have unknown causes.
1) Contact Dermatitis: Contact dermatitis is usually occurring when an individual comes in direct contact with an inconvenience or allergen. Common accoutrements that beget antipathetic responses include
i) cleansers
ii) Cosmetics
iii) Nickel
iv) ivory ink
2) Eczema: It’s caused by a combination of factors like dry skin, environmental setting, and bacteria on the skin. It’s frequently inheritable, as people with eczema tend to have a family history of eczema, disinclinations, or asthma.
3) Seborrheic Dermatitis: It’s likely caused by a fungus in the oil painting glands. It tends to get worse in the spring and downtime. This type of dermatitis also appears to have an inheritable element for some people.
4) Stasis Dermatitis: It usually occurs due to improper or poor blood circulation in the body, most generally in the
lower legs and bases.
DERMATITIS SYMPTOMS
The symptoms depend on the type of dermatitis. An individual may have one type of dermatitis or may have more than one type of dermatitis. Each type may have one or more of the following symptoms:
1) Itching.
2) Red rashes and bumps.
3) Rashes that look and/or feel like a burn.
4) Dry skin.
5) Fluid-filled blisters.
6) Thickening, hardening, and swelling skin.
7) Crusting, scaling, and creasing skin.
8) Painful ulcers.
9) When scratched, the rashes may ooze fluid or bleed.
DERMATITIS PREVENTION
Awareness is the First step in avoiding dermatitis. The only way to help an antipathetic response is to avoid contact with allergens or substances that beget rashes, like bane ivy. But if an existent has eczema that isn’t always preventable the stylish option is to help a flare-ups,
1) Try to avoid scratching the affected area. Scratching can open or renew injuries and spread the bacteria to other parts of the body.
2) To help dry skin, by taking shorter cataracts, using mild detergents, and bathing in warm water rather than hot.
Utmost people also find relief by Moisturising constantly (especially after a shower).
3) Use water-based moisturizers after washing hands and oil–based moisturizers for extremely dry skin.
DERMATITIS TREATMENT
There are some treatments that can be done at home but require instructions and permission from a registered medical practitioner. Such treatments are discussed below:
1) Ultraviolet Light: Ultraviolet A or B light waves or radiations are used for the treatment of skin in these procedures.
2) Wet Wrap Therapy: This therapy is mainly done to increase the moisture content of the skin.
3) Bleach Baths: This treatment involves the usage of a diluted concentration of bleach for cleansing and enhancing the properties of the skin. It has to be ensured that the amount of bleach used is diluted to a specified concentration. This treatment is not recommended for more than twice a week. Proper assistance from the healthcare provider is
necessary before an individual tries this therapy.
Medications
1) Moisturising Creams: These creams have the potential to hydrate the skin and reduce the extent of dehydration occurring and thus promote barrier function of the skin.
2) Calcineurin Inhibitors: These topical medications are said to decrease inflammation caused on the skin.
3) Corticosteroid Creams and Ointments: Corticosteroids are also known to decrease inflammation efficiently thus
thereby can be used topically for its benefits.
4) Phosphodieterase-4 Inhibitors: These are also known to help reduction of inflammation.
5) Biologies: This injection will block the functions of the immune system which affects dermatitis conditions.
6) Oral Medications: Pills or tablets that will reduce immune responses affecting dermatitis conditions.
7) Antihistamines: These are known to reduce the extent of inflammatory mediators released in the body. Thus used,
sometimes, for contact dermatitis conditions.
8) Antibiotics: These are used in patients who have perioral dermatitis
Treatments at Home
1) Using Moisturiser: The application of moisturizer immediately after a bath, shower, or during the night will improve skin
hydration and prevent skin drying.
2) Do not Overheat: Management of the living atmosphere with proper cooling, and ventilation is necessary. High humidity
conditions should be avoided.
3) Skin Protection: Using rough clothing such as wool, and avoiding things that may irritate the skin is necessary.
4) Decrease Stress Level: Proper diet, exercise, and walking are necessary to control and manage the stress level. If necessary an individual can visit a psychiatrist for counseling and medication purposes.
5) Bathe in Lukewarm Water: As hot water could wash away natural oil from the skin which is essential to maintain hydration, an individual should bathe in lukewarm water instead of hot water. More than one bath or shower per day should be avoided.
6) Use a Mild Soap: Unscented soap or cleanser should be used.
7) Avoid Scratching: Scratching dermatitis could lead to skin breakage which may ultimately lead to the risk of infection. Hence scratching of skin should be avoided as it irritates the skin even more